HPLC Separation of Phenolic Acids

High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) Method for Analysis of Gallic acid , 3,4-Dihydroxybenzoic Acid , Caffeic acid , Ferulic acid , p-coumaric acid , Cinnamic acid , Salicylic acid , Quercetin .

Gallic acid is a naturally-occurring phenolic acid that was a key ingredient in European iron gall ink from its first discovery in the 12th century until the 19th century. In modern times, it’s heavy metal salt, Bismuth subgallate, known by its trade name Devrom, is known for its effects at deodorizing flatulence and stools. It has the chemical formula C7H6O5 .

3,4 Dihydroxybenzoic acid , also known as Protocatechuic acid ( PCA ), is a dihydroxybenzoic acid with the chemical formula C7H6O4 . It occurs naturally in stem bark of Boswellia dalzielii, leaves of Diospyros melanoxylon, Açai oil, and roselle. Commercially , it is produced of vanillin. You can find detailed UV spectra of 3,4 Dihydroxybenzoic acid and information about its various lambda maxima by visiting the following link.

Caffeic acid is an organic compound with the formula (HO) 2 C6H3CH=CHCO2H . It plays a key role in scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are generated during energy metabolism. Caffeic acid is an active ingredient in caffenol, which is a photographic developer made from instant coffee. Pharmacologically, it is used as an antioxidant in vitro and also in vivo. It also shows immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory activity.

trans-Ferulic acid is a hydroxycinnamic acid derivative with the chemical formula C10H10O4 . It is classified as a phenolic phytochemical. Naturally, it can be found in a large number of vegetables, grain, and other plants. It is also released while sweetcorn is being cooked. Salts and esters derived from ferulic acid are called ferulates.

trans-p-Coumaric acid is a major phenolic acid with the chemical formula C9H8O3 . It can be found in a wide variety of graminaceous plants. p -Coumaric acid is a natural metabolite contained in many edible plants and its antioxidant activities in reducing oxidative stress and inflammatory reactions have been demonstrated in various experiments.